Francja - Asygnaty

Podczas Wielkiej Rewolucji Francuskiej (1789-1799), rząd rewolucyjny desperacko potrzebował pieniędzy dla dalszego funkcjonowania. Rozwiązaniem były asygnaty drukowane w olbrzymim nakładzie i społeczny przymus ich używania, nawet gdy w czasie inflacji stawały się bezwartościowe.

La Banque Royale

In 1716, John Law created the Banque Générale (Banque Générale Privée), a private bank which was quickly nationalized and renamed Banque Royale. Along with Louis XV providing government funding, Law funded the bank and applied his own untried economic theories to this first French central bank. This was the first French Bank issuing paper money that was only partially backed by silver. After some initial success, the Banque Royale failed in 1720, just two years after its creation, having created an environment of hyper-inflation and public mistrust of a banking system.

1720 Second Issue

Laf.93 face
Laf.93 (
  • P-A20a
) 10 Livres
  • 1/7/1720
  • Typo
  • "NQU" along left margin is a portion of "BANQUE ROYALE" used as a Counterfoil

Assemblée Nationale

In December of 1789, the National Assembly of the revolutionary government authorized the issuance of bonds, called Assignats, backed by sized royal and church properties ("Domaines Nationaux"). These were not initially intended to be used as currency, but as a way for the state to pay its debts, and for a time were successful. Within a year, with the country's economy in need of support, the Assignat was converted to legal tender. The Assignat was used through the rest of the revolution until its complete collapse in February of 1797.

1 Nov 1791 Issue

Laf.145 face
Laf.145 (
  • Ass.20a
  • P-A50
) 5 Livres 'Corset'
  • 1/11/1791
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Bust of Louis XVI Roi des François
  • Watermark: 5L in Geometric Pattern

  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)

16 Dec 1791 Issue

Laf.146 face
Laf.146 (
  • Ass.21a
  • P-A51
) 10 Livres
  • 16/12/1791
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Libery, Right: Peace
  • Watermark: 10L, Fleurs de Lys, and Pattern
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)

4 Jan 1792 Issue

Laf.149 face
Laf.149 (
  • Ass.24a
  • P-A54
) 15 Sols
  • 4/1/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Genius Regne de la Loi, Right: Bust of Louis XVI Roi des François
  • Watermark: Fleur de Lys above 15s, NLR and LA NATION
  • Gatteaux FEC
  • Gerard FEC
    • (F+B)
Laf.150 face
Laf.150 (
  • Ass.25a
  • P-A55
) 25 Sols
  • 4/1/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Bust of Genie of Liberty
  • Watermark: LA NATION above 25. sols.
  • Le Droz FEC
    • (F+B)

31 Juillet 1792 Issue

Laf.156 face
Laf.156 (
  • Ass.31a
  • P-A61
) 5 Livres 'Corset'
  • 31/7/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Bust of Louis XVI Roi des François
  • Watermark: 5L in Geometric Pattern

  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)

24 Oct 1792 Issue

Laf.159 face
Laf.159 (
  • Ass.34a
  • P-A64a
) 10 Sous
  • 24/10/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Genius Regne de la Loi, Right: Bust of Louis XVI Roi des François
  • Watermark: 'LA NATION' in circle, '10s' at left, 'Xs' at right
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)
Laf.160 face
Laf.160 (
  • Ass.35a
  • P-A65
) 15 Sols
  • 24/10/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Genius Regne de la Loi, Right: Bust of Louis XVI Roi des François
  • Watermark: Fleur de Lys above 15s, NLR and LA NATION
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)
Laf.161b face
Laf.161b (
  • Ass.36b
  • P-A66b
) 10 Livres
  • 24/10/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Libery, Right: Peace
  • Watermark: Républicain, 'RP / RF' and Fasces
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)
Laf.162 face
Laf.162 (
  • Ass.37a
  • P-A67
) 25 Livres
  • 24/10/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Libery, Right: Peace
  • Watermark: 25L above Fleurs de Lys. Darker: LA NATION LA LOI LE ROI at right, surrounded by Pattern
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)

14 Dec 1792 Issue

Laf.164 face
Laf.164 (
  • Ass.39a
  • P-A72
) 50 Livres
  • 14/12/1792
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Hercules fighting the Hydra, by Gatteaux
  • Watermark: LIBERTE EGALITE NATION FRANCAISE in border of Greek Key design
  • Gatteaux INV
  • Tardieu, A. SC
    • (F+B)

23 Mai 1793 Issue

Laf.165b face
Laf.165b (
  • Ass.40b
  • P-A68b
) 10 Sous
  • 23/5/1793
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Genius Regne de la Loi, Right: Force
  • Watermark: Républicain, 'RF / Xs' in Hexagon
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)
Laf.166b face
Laf.166b (
  • Ass.41b
  • P-A69b
) 15 Sols
  • 23/5/1793
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Genius Regne de la Loi, Right: Abundance
  • Watermark: Républicain, 'RF / 15s' in Diamond
  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)
Laf.167b face
Laf.167b (
  • Ass.42c
  • P-A70b
) 50 Sols
  • 23/5/1793
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Genius Regne de la Loi, Right: Justice
  • Watermark: Républicain, 'RF / 50s' in Circle

  • Gatteaux FEC
    • (F+B)

6 Juin 1793 Issue

Laf.168 face
Laf.168 (
  • Ass.43b
  • P-A71
) 25 Livres
  • 6/6/1793
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Left: Libery, Right: Peace
  • Watermark: REP. FRANC.

28 Sep 1793 Issue

Laf.169 (
  • Ass.44a
  • P-A74
) 125 Livres
  • 28/9/1793
  • Typo
Laf.170 face
Laf.170 (
  • Ass.45a
  • P-A75
) 250 Livres
  • 28/9/1793
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Hercules fighting the Hydra, by Gatteaux (cracked die)
  • Watermark: Pattern around border, with dark horizonal lines and three white dots

31 Oct 1793 Issue

Laf.171 face
Laf.171 (
  • Ass.46a
  • P-A76
) 5 Livres
  • 31/10/1793
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Genie of the Consitution, seated
  • Watermark: 5L and RF, dark bars and circle

2 Fev 1794 Issue

Laf.172 face
Laf.172 (
  • Ass.47a
  • P-A77
) 500 Livres
  • 2/8/1794
  • Typo

  • Embossing: Liberty walking left, holding in her right hand a sign with tricolor surmounted by the phrygian cap, and the left hand brandishing a javelin. Circular legend FREEDOM OR DEATH (cracked die; oriented to back of note)
  • Watermark: 500 above, REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE at Left and Right

7 Jan 1795 Issue

Laf.173 face
Laf.173 (
  • Ass.48a
  • P-A78
) 100 Francs
  • 7/1/1795
  • Typo

  • Embossing: The French people holding in their left hand an olive branch and in the right hand a club, accompanied by Liberty resting on a pike and holding in her right hand a phrygian cap. Circular legend REPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
  • Watermark: Phrygien Cap, Triangle, 100 Francs
Laf.175 face
Laf.175 (
  • Ass.50a
  • P-A80
) 1000 Francs
Red.
  • 7/1/1795
  • Typo
  • Sig Noel (printed)

  • Embossing: Left: Hercules with Liberty and Equality, Right: The Constitution
  • Watermark: Geometric figures, 1000 / RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE / liberté / ÉGALITÉ

Mandats Territoriaux

1796 Issue"

Laf.208 face
Laf.208 (
  • Ass.63b
  • P-A87b
) 100 Francs
  • 18/3/1796
  • Typo
  • Black handstamp
  • Black handstamp Rep. Fra.

  • Embossing: Ceres, buying land with money
  • Watermark: 5.F.

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